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Artaxerxes

ARTAXERXES

An English opera.

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Libretto and music by Thomas Augustine ARNE.
First performance: 2 February 1762, London.


Dramatis Personae:

ARTAXERXES prince and afterwards king of Persia; friend to Arbaces, and in love with Semira

contralto

ARTABANES and favourite of the royal family; father to Arbaces and Semira

tenor

ARBACES friend of Artaxerxes, in love with Mandane

soprano

RIMENES a general of the army, and confident of Artabanes

tenor

MANDANE sister to Artaxerxes, in love with Arbaces

soprano

SEMIRA sister to Arbaces, in love with Artaxerxes

soprano


Nobles, Guards, and Attendants.

The action is represented in and near the palace of the kings of Persia, in the city of Susa.

Preface

The reputation of Metastasio, author of the following drama, is too well established in the learned world, to need any apology for giving the public a translation of Artaxerxes, an opera performed and admired all over Europe. But as the narrative part of this drama may seem too barren of forcible epithets, which, in reading or speaking, dignify the stile, it may be necessary to give mr. Dryden’s and lord Lansdown's sentiments on the occasion, which exactly correspond with those of our author. Mr. Dryden says, ..."that no critic can justly determine the merit or difficulty of writing a poem for music, till he has been frequently conversant with some skilful musician, and acquired, by experience, a knowledge of what is most proper for musical expression;" and lord Lansdown, in his preface to the British enchanters, exclaims against that species of dramatic dialogue, which (instead of being free, natural, and easy, as conversation should be) is precise, or formal, argumenting pro and con, like disputants in a school; he further asks the question, "Whether in writing, as in dress, it is not possible to be too exact, too starched, and too formal?" and concludes thus, ..."pleasing negligence many have seen; who ever saw pleasing formality?"

Metastasio, in his dialect, seems to affect simplicity; and from his great experience in writing for music, has given the following plan for the poetry of an opera, viz.

' That the fable, or recitative, to which fixed musical sounds are adapted, should be simple dialect; hard and dissonant eithets (though ever so forcible in other respects) being destructive to music, and, when sung, for the chief part, unintelligible. — That the similes be confined to the songs; and that the words, which are to express them, be as smooth and sonorous as possible, left the composer be cramped in his fancy, and the singers rendered incapable of shewing their skill, which chiefly consists in openly displaying the tones of their voices, on running executive passages.

The translator of this opera has no merit, but from his endeavour to follow the author in all these particulars. He therefore submits this first attempt of the kind to the favour. and indulgence of the public, not doubting that (if they consider the dificulty of writing under such restrictions, the necessity of sometimes departing from the author, on account of the different idioms of our language; and of leaving out many beauties in the narrative part of the drama, for the sake of brevity) they will rather peruse it with an eye of favour than severity.

The argument

Xerxes king of Persia, having been often discomfited by the Greeks, his power began greatly to decline; which Artabanes, commander of the royal guards, perceiving, he entertained the hopes of sacrificing to his ambition, not only Xerxes, but all the royal family, and by that method to ascend the throne of Persia; for which purpose, availing himself of the advantage which his familiarity and friendship with the king gave him, he entered, at dead of night, the apartment of Xerxes, and slew him.

He afterwards so irritated the young princes against one another, that Artaxerxes, one of the said princes, caused his brother Darius to be slain, believing him the parricide, by the artful insinuations of Artabanes.

Now nothing was wanting to complete his treasonous designs, but the death of Artaxerxes; which Artabanes having prepared, though by various accidents delayed, (which furnish the episodical ornaments of this drama) he could not accomplish it, the treason being discovered, and Artaxerxes preserved; which discovery and preservation form the principal action of the ensuing drama.

Justin, lib. 3, cap. I.

Act one

[Ouverture]

Scene one

An inner garden belonging to the palace of the king of Persia. Moon-light.
Mandane and Arbaces.

MANDANE

Still silence reigns around, suspicion sleeps,

and unperceiv'd, you may escape these walls.

ARBACES

Adieu, my love; o think on thy Arbaces.

MANDANE

Yet stay, sweet youth, a few short minutes stay.

ARBACES

Ador'd Mandane! see the dawn appears.

[N. 1 - Duettino]

MANDANE, ARBACES

Fair Aurora, pr'ythee stay;

o retard unwelcome day:

think what anguish rends my breast;

thus caressing, thus carest;

from the idol of my heart

forc'd at thy approach to part.

ARBACES

Alas! thou know'st that for my love to thee,

the king, great Xerxes, thy too rigid father,

has banish'd me the palace; should he know,

that in defiance of his stern command,

I have presum'd to scale this garden wall,

how little would a lover's plea avail,

when thou, his daughter, could'st not move his pity.

MANDANE

Thy noble father, mighty Artabanes,

disposes at his will the heart of Xerxes,

and the young prince my brother, Artaxerxes,

brought up with thee in virtuous emulation,

honours thy worth, and boasts thy valu'd friendship;

their interest joined may soften his resentment.

ARBACES

Weak are their efforts, while his kingly pride

disdains to rank a princess with a subject.

MANDANE

My spirits sink, my heart forgets to beat,

I have not fortitude to bear thy loss. ~

And must we part? ~ Then all good angels guard thee!

[N. 2 - Air]

Adieu, thou lovely youth,

let hope thy fears remove;

preserve thy faith and truth,

but never doubt my love.

(Exit.)

Scene two

ARBACES

O cruel parting! how can I survive?

Divided thus from all that's sweet and fair,

from her, for whom alone I live. ~

(Enter Artabanes.)

ARTABANES

Son, Arbaces.

ARBACES

My father!

ARTABANES

Give me thy sword.

ARBACES

Sir, I obey.

ARTABANES

Here take thou mine.

ARBACES

'Tis drench'd in blood!

ARTABANES

Fly, hide it from all eyes;

Xerxes, the king, this daring arm hath slain.

ARBACES

Forbid it, heav'n!

ARTABANES

O much lov'd son!

Thy treatment was the spur to my revenge. ~

For thee I'm guilty.

ARBACES

Would I had ne'er been born.

ARTABANES

Let not weak scruples thwart my great design;

perhaps Arbaces shall be king of Persia.

ARBACES

I'm all confusion ~

ARTABANES

No more ~ be gone.

ARBACES

O fatal day ~ unhappy, lost Arbaces.

[N. 3 - Air]

Amid a thousand racking woes,

I pant, I tremble, and I feel,

cold blood from ev'ry vein distill,

and clog my lab'ring heart.

I see my fair, one's lost repose,

and o! lament the fatal curse;

that he who gave me life cou'd thus

from virtue's laws depart.

(Exit.)

Scena three

Artabanes solus.

ARTABANES

Be firm my heart. ~ In the pursuit of guilt,

the first advance admits not a retreat:

the royal blood, to the last hateful drop,

must then be shed. Conscience thy checks are vain. ~

The prince appears, ~ now art's my only refuge.

(Enter Artaxerxes, Rimenes and Guards.)

Dear Artabanes, glad I meet thee here;

thy prince demands thy counsel,

thy royalty ~ revenge ~

ARTABANES

I tremble, sir ~

this dire injunction wants an explanation.

ARTAXERXES

Disastrous fate ~ yonder my father lies

savagely murder'd!

ARTABANES

Ah! my ill-boding fears!

Unsated thirst of empire:

alas! ~ will nothing but a father's blood

allay thy heat, and quench thy raging fever!

ARTAXERXES

Well I conceive ~ my faithless cruel brother

Darius. ~

ARTABANES

Who but he at dead of night could penetrate

the palace? Who approach the royal bed?

Nay more, his known ambition ~

ARTAXERXES

O, if here lives, a heart that calls me friend,

or feels compassion for a slaughter'd king,

quick let him bring the traitor to our presence.

ARTABANES

That welcome task be mine. ~

Guards, follow me.

(Going.)

ARTAXERXES

Yet stay ~

Darius is the son of Xerxes.

ARTABANES

Who kills the father is no more a son.

[N. 4 - Air]

Behold! on Lethe's dismal strand

thy father's troubled spirit stand!

In his face what grief profound!

See he rolls his haggard eyes;

hark! revenge! revenge! he cries;

and points to his still bleeding wound:

obey the call, revenge his death;

and calm his soul that gave thee breath.

(Exit.)

Scene four

Artaxerxes going; enter Semira.

SEMIRA

Stay, Artaxerxes, stay.

ARTAXERXES

Adieu, Semira.

SEMIRA

And dost thou fly me? Go then cruel prince,

no more shall ill-tim'd fondness importune thee.

[N. 5 - Air]

ARTAXERXES

Fair Semira, lovely maid,

cease in pity to upbraid

my oppressed, but constant heart:

full sufficient are the woes,

which my cruel stars impose;

heav'n alas; has done its part.

(Exit.)

Scene five

SEMIRA

I fear some dread disaster ~ say, Rimenes;

what means this strange confusion in the prince?

RIMENES

Xerxes is slain ~

and Artaxerxes bears a dreadful conflict,

'twixt filial duty to revenge his father,

and brotherly compassion for Darius.

SEMIRA

O fatal deed! th'effect of wild ambition;

heav'n knows if Artaxerxes' life be safe.

RIMENES

Let fate be busy in destructive slaughter,

we blest with love, and seated in the shore,

will view the destin'd shipwreck.

SEMIRA

Think not that love can find a place to enter,

when the sad heart's surrounded with misfortunes;

leave me, Rimenes, to my troubled thoughts.

RIMENES

Your web of scorn is not so closely woven,

but I can see between each subtle thread,

yet, born to love, undaunted, I'll pursue thee:

since hope inspires my breast, what you deny,

ungrateful maid! kind fancy shall supply.

[N. 6 - Air]

When real joy we miss,

'tis some degree of bliss,

t'enjoy ideal pleasure,

and dream of hidden treasure.

The soldier dreams of wars,

and conquers without scars;

the sailor in his sleep,

with safety ploughs the deep:

so I, tro' fancies aid,

enjoy my heav'nly maid,

and blest with thee and love,

am greater far than Jove.

(Exit.)

Scene six

Semira sola.

Ye gods, protectors of the Persian empire,

preserve my Artaxerxes ~ Yet he blest ~

Semira's state is wretched; Xerxes dead,

this prince will mount the throne:

belov'd by me, and rais'd above my hopes,

the hand which he intreated, when a subject,

when sov'reign of Persia he'll disdain.

[N. 7 - Air]

How hard is my fate,

how desp'rate my state,

when virtue and honour excite,

to suffer distress,

contented to bless,

the object in whom I delight.

Yet midst all the woes,

my soul undergoes,

thro' virtue's too rigid decree,

I'll scorn to complain,

if the force of my pain

awaken his pity for me.

(Exit.)

Scene seven

The palace.
Enter Mandane.

MANDANE

Where do I fly? ~ Ah, hapless maid! ~

Thus, in one fatal instant,

to lose a brother, father, and a lover!

(Enter Artaxerxes.)

ARTAXERXES

Alas, Mandane!

MANDANE

Does Darius live?

Or are thy guilty hands

imbru'd in brother's blood?

ARTAXERXES

Fain wou'd I shun that deed,

which to prevent, I've search'd throughout the palace,

for Artabanes and Darius ~ ~

but all in vain ~ ~

MANDANE

See, Artabanes comes.

Scene eight

Enter Artabanes.

ARTAXERXES

My friend! ~ ~

ARTABANES

I sought you, sir ~ ~ All is accomplish'd.

ARTAXERXES

Ha! speak, explain.

ARTABANES

Your father's death's revenged,

Darius slain, and Artaxerxes now

is Persia's king.

ARTAXERXES

O gods!

MANDANE

O dire misfortune!

ARTABANES

Why that deep sigh, my liege? 'twas your command.

ARTAXERXES

Alas! 'tis true, the guilt is only mine.

ARTABANES

What guilt, my sovereign?

'Twas merely justice to your murder'd father.

Take comfort, sir;

and think, that in Darius' death,

a wicked bloody parricide is punish'd.

Scene nine

Enter Semira.

SEMIRA

O Artaxerxes!

ARTAXERXES

Say, fair Semira, why this seeming joy?

SEMIRA

Darius is not guilty of the murder.

MANDANE

What do I hear?

ARTAXERXES

I'm struck with double horror.

SEMIRA

The assassin is secur'd.

ARTAXERXES

O quick, proceed.

SEMIRA

Your watchful sentinels, when he had leap'd

the garden wall, o'ertook him as he fled.

His deep confusion, palid countenance,

and sword yet reeking with the crimson blood,

strongly proclaim him guilty.

ARTAXERXES

But the name?

SEMIRA

At my request to know it,

all hung their heads in silence.

ARTABANES

(aside)

Alas! it is my son.

ARTAXERXES

Must Artaxerxes then ascend the throne,

distain'd with brother's blood?

O, I shall never taste of peace again. ~

Quick, bring this traitor; that unbounded rage

may execute the vengeance he deserves. ~

Hold, Artabanes ~ dear Mandane, stay ~

SEMIRA

Leave me not in this distress. ~

Where is my friend Arbaces?

ARTABANES

He was forbid the court by royal Xerxes,

for his presumptuous love of fair Mandane.

ARTAXERXES

Fly, bring him to my arms ~ I here absolve him.

Scene ten

Enter Rimenes with Arbaces prisoner.

RIMENES

Who in his royal presence would believe Arbaces to be guilty?

ARTABANES

How!

ARTAXERXES

My friend!

ARTABANES

My son!

SEMIRA

My brother!

MANDANE

Oh, ye gods! my lover!

ARTAXERXES

Wou'd in the pangs of death I'd met my friend,

rather than thus in fetters like a traitor.

ARBACES

I'm innocent.

ARTAXERXES

O, make but that appear,

and doubly 'twill endear thee to my love.

ARBACES

I am not guilty, that’s my only plea.

ARTABANES

(aside)

This prudent caution answers to my wish.

MANDANE

But your resentment 'gainst the king ~ ~

ARBACES

Was just.

ARTAXERXES

Didst thou not fly?

ARBACES

I did.

MANDANE

This thy reserve ~ ~

ARBACES

Is requisite.

ARTAXERXES

And thy down-cast confusion ~ ~

ARBACES

Is suited to th'occasion.

RIMENES

This bloody sword ~ ~

(shewing it)

ARBACES

Was in the scabbard, when you took me prisoner.

ARTABANES

And canst thou yet deny the cruel deed?

ARBACES

Great sir, I still assert my innocence.

ARTABANES

Audacious boy! thus obstinate in ill,

thy sight’s my torment, and this deed my shame.

ARBACES

And does my father join in my destruction?

[N. 8 - Air]

ARTABANES

Thy father! away, I renounce the soft claim;

thou spot on my honour, thou blast to my fame,

let justice the traitor to punishment bring;

his father he lost, when he murdered his king.

(Exit Artabanes.)

Scene eleven

ARBACES

Ye cruel gods, what crime have I committed,

to draw relentless vengeance on my head? ~

Semira! sister! hear me with compassion.

[N. 9 - Air]

SEMIRA

Acquit thee of this soul offence,

return with spotless innocence;

then shall my hapless brother see,

that never sister lov'd like me.

(Exit.)

Scene twelve

ARBACES

Appearance, I must own, is strong against me,

but truth is on my side ~ I'm innocent.

ARTAXERXES

Pray heav'n thou may'st; but till the law decide

you must remain a prisoner.

(Exit.)

ARBACES

Ah, dear Rimenes, pity my hard fate, ~

my friend!

RIMENES

I am no traitor's friend ~ Adieu.

(Exit.)

Scene thirteen

Arbaces, Mandane.

ARBACES

Beauteous Mandane, turn at least and hear me.

MANDANE

Away! you fue in vain.

(Going.)

ARBACES

O stay, I charge thee ~ ~

think on my former love.

MANDANE

'Tis turn'd to hate.

ARBACES

And you believe me guilty?

MANDANE

I am convinc'd.

[N. 10 - Air]

ARBACES

O too lovely, too unkind,

if my lips no credit find,

pierce my breast; my heart shall prove

strong in virtue, firm in love;

guiltless, wretched, left forlorn,

and worse than murdered by thy scorn.

(Exit guarded.)

Scene fourteen

Mandane sola.

Recitative accompanied.

Dear and beloved shade of my dead father,

thee I invoke to spirit up my rage,

left fond credulity too strongly plead,

and turn my purpose from a just revenge;

for, oh, I feel the tyrant love within,

he rends my breast, he struggles for Arbaces;

help me kind gods, to tear away his image.

[N. 11 - Air]

Fly, soft ideas, fly;

that neither tear nor sigh,

my virtue may betray:

nature's great call,

that governs all,

a daughter must obey.

Alas my soul denies

to hear revenge's cries;

dare not, fond heart,

to take his part,

but drive his form away.

(Exit.)

Act two
Scene one

The royal apartments.
Enter Artaxerxes, Artabanes.

ARTAXERXES

Guards, speed ye to the tower,

and instantly conduct Arbaces to me.

ARTABANES

Good my lord,

think not the partial fondness of a father

has urg'd this counsel.

ARTAXERXES

No; 'tis justice dictates;

he still persists that he is innocent,

and his fair truth was ne'er till now suspected;

I will withdraw ~

o, reconcile the safety of your son

with your king's peace, and the honor of his throne.

[N. 12 - Air]

In infancy, our hopes and fears

were to each other known;

and friendship, in our riper years,

has twined our hearts in one.

O clear him then from this offence,

thy love, thy duty prove;

restore him with that innocence,

which first inspired my love.

(Exit.)

ARTABANES

So far my great resolve succeeds.

Approach, Arbaces.

(Enter Arbaces and guards.)

And you his guards, in the next chamber wait.

(Exeunt guards.)

ARBACES

My father!

ARTABANES

Ever watchful to preferve thee,

I artfully have gain'd from Artaxerxes

the liberty to question thee:

take thee this fortunate occasion,

and by a secret way, which I will shew thee,

delude the guards, and fly.

ARBACES

Sir, my efcape

would rise in evidence to prove me guilty.

ARTABANES

'Tis folly all! I give thee liberty;

from the king's wrath I snatch thee; and, perhaps,

the public voice shall call thee to the throne.

ARBACES

What said you, sir?

ARTABANES

Long have you known

the people's hatred to the royal blood:

away.

The sight of you will fire the mut'nous troops:

whose leaders to your interest are sworn.

ARBACES

I turn a rebel! Horror's in the thought. ~

Your pardon, sir; ~ is this a father's counsel?

Guards, enter quick, bring me again my chains ~

conduce me to my prison.

ARTABANES

I burn with rage.

ARBACES

Yet calm this transport ~ think on my afflction,

sir ~ father ~ turn ~ o grant one kind adieu.

[N. 13 - Air]

Disdainful you fly me,

in anger exclaim;

all comfort deny me,

and murder my fame.

No grief can the heart

to pity incline,

that bears not a part,

in sorrow like mine.

Nature's tender plea is vain;

welcome then my chains again.

O rigour unjust!

o counsel accurst!

ambition ill-plac'd;

my virtue disgrac'd;

the pains I endure,

death only can cure.

Disdainful you fly me,

in anger exclaim;

all comfort deny me,

and murder my fame.

No grief can the heart

to pity incline,

that bears not a part,

in sorrow like mine.

Nature's tender plea is vain;

welcome then my chains again.

(Exit with the guards.)

Scene two

Enter Rimenes.

RIMENES

Why, my dear friend, so pcnsive, so inactive?

ARTABANES

My wayward son, that bar to my ambition,

at once rejects both liberty and crown.

RIMENES

Let us away, and force him from the tower.

ARTABANES

The present time may better be employ'd,

if Artaxerxes perish by our hands, ~

let not my friend betray me.

RIMENES

I, my lord!

Forbid it, gratitude! My abject state

caft me below the notice of mankind,

till your great power exalted me to honour.

ARTABANES

Small recompence for thy good services:

but should kind fortune fraile on this attempt,

then judge if Artabanes loves his friend.

RIMENES

My hand, my heart, are guided by your will.

ARTABANES

I have observed thy passion for Semira ~

spare thy confusion; and let this great instance

proove my esteem ~ Semira shall be thine.

RIMENES

Thanks, gracious sir ~ my joy is past expresssion.

ARTABANES

(seeing Semira)

Come hither, daughter.

Scena three

Enter Semira.

ARTABANES

In this valiant chief

behold thy lord and husband.

SEMIRA

Cruel sound!

O sir, reflect ~ Is this a time for nuptials,

when my unhappy brother ~

ARTABANES

Peace, no more. ~

'Tis my command ~ reply not, but obey.

(Exit.)

Scene four

SEMIRA

I tremble ~ hear me, sir, ~ O, if you love me,

prevent this marriage.

RIMENES

Sure Semira mocks me?

SEMIRA

Tho', by constraint, you seize my helpless hand,

my heart disdains the brutal violence.

RIMENES

Give me thy beauty, and reserve thy heart;

thou keep'st the worst, I gain the better part.

[N. 14 - Air]

To sigh and complain,

alike I disdain,

contented my wish to enjoy;

I scorn to reflect,

on a lady's neglect,

or barter my peace for a toy.

In love, as in war,

I laugh at a scar,

and, if my proud enemy yield,

the joy that remains,

is to lead her in chains,

and glean the rich spoils of the field.

(Exit.)

Scene five

SEMIRA

How many links to dire misfortune's chain

are woven in one day!

(Enter Mandane.)

Stay, dear Mandane. ~

Why this haste?

MANDANE

I attend the council.

SEMIRA

I'll too attend, if ought within my power

may help my brother.

MANDANE

Our views are different; thou desir'st to save him;

I seek his death.

SEMIRA

Is this a language for Arbaces' lover?

MANDANE

It well becomes the daughter of dead Xerxes.

SEMIRA

Away, thou cruel maid!

Enforce his crime, and urge his speedy death.

But first prepare your heart, and quite erase

the soft remembrance of your former passion.

The tender hopes and fears, warm vows of truth,

fond sighs exchanged, and, last, the sweet idea

of that dear form, which first inspired your love.

MANDANE

Ah, barbarous Semira! thus to wake

my guilty pity; rebel to my duty.

[N. 15 - Air]

If o'er the cruel tyrant love,

a conquest I believed;

the flatt'ring error cease to prove;

let me be deceiv'd.

Forbear to fan the gentle flame,

which love did first create;

what was my pride is now my shame,

and must be turned to hate.

Then call not to my wav'ring mind,

the weakness of my heart;

which, ah; I feel too much inclined

to take the traitor’s part.

(Exit.)

Scene six

Semira sola.

Which fatal evil shall I first oppose?

My princess, brother, this detested lover,

the king, my father, all are enemies;

and each attacks me in some tender part:

while I exert my pow'r against the one,

the others rush on my defenceless breast.

[N. 16 - Air]

If the river's swelling waves

overflow their usual bed;

scarce th'affrighted peasant saves,

from the flood his homely shed.

Tho' he stop one open shore,

where the waters swistly glide,

in an hundred places more,

rushes in th'impetuous tide.

(Exit.)

Scene seven

A hall of royal council with a throne, seats on the sides for the grandees of kingdom, a small table and chair on the right hand of the throne, Artaxerxes, preceded by guards, afterwards by the nobles, follow'd by Mandane, Semira, Artabanes and Rimenes.

ARTAXERXES

Ye solid pillars of the Persian empire,

behold me fated to sustain the cares

of my paternal throne, and much I'm grieved

that my loved father's death so heavy lies

upon my absent friend; but since Arbaces

denies this accusation, let the father,

whose virtues have endear'd him to our favour,

be the son's judge, to cast him or acquit him;

in him is vested all our legal power.

MANDANE

In him? does friendship so prevail over duty?

ARTAXERXES

Not so, Mandane, for his loyal father

has double reason for severity:

I ought to vindicate the death of Xerxes;

but if Arbaces be the criminal,

his father, with more rigour, will revenge

his monarch's death, and his own public shame.

ARTABANES

Ah, sir, what trial! ~

ARTAXERXES

Worthy of thy. Virtue ~

if any think me partial, let him speak.

RIMENES

This silence is a general approbation.

SEMIRA

My brother comes.

MANDANE

Ah me!

ARTAXERXES

Give your attention.

(Ascends the throne, the grandees sit.)

MANDANE

(aside)

Now prudence guide the reins of my affection.

Cease, busy heart, to flutter in my breast.

Scene eight

Enter Arbaces in chains, guarded.

ARBACES

Am I so much the hatred of all Persia,

that it unites to witness my misfortune?

My sovereign!

ARTAXERXES

O Arbaces, call me friend!

For till thy crime is prov'd, that title's mine,

but, as a name so tender ill becomes

the impartial judge, thy most unhappy cause

I have assigned to worthy Artabanes.

ARBACES

My father judge!

ARTAXERXES

Yes, he.

ARBACES

I'm chill'd with horror.

ARTABANES

Arbaces, in this presence thou appearest

to be the murderer of royal Xerxes:

the circumstances urged are these ~

that thou hast entertained presumptuous love

of this most honoured princess;

for which, by Xerxes banish'd from the court,

you sought revenge, and found it in his death.

ARBACES

Naymore, the bloody sword, the time, the place,

and flight, conspire to fix the guilt on me,

and yet my heart is free; ~ I'm innocent.

ARTABANES

Demonstrate that, and so appease the wrath

of this offended princess.

ARBACES

Ah! forbear; ~

if you would have me with a steady mind,

support my sufferings; make not the assault

in such a tender part. ~ Barbarous father!

ARTABANES

Rash young man, be silent.

Consider where thou art, and who attends thee.

MANDANE

(aside)

Be still, my beating heart.

ARTAXERXES

But this thy crime,

requires defence, or a sincere repentance.

ARBACES

My king, I find no crime to be defended,

nor motive for repentance; that's my answer.

ARTABANES

(aside)

O filial love!

MANDANE

Whether he plead or not,

he equally is guilty. ~ Where is justice?

Is this the father that should vindicate

his murdered king, and his own public shame?

ARBACES

Cruel Mandane! does thy voice condemn me?

MANDANE

(aside)

Bear up, my heart.

ARTABANES

Your just resentment, princess

spurs on my lazy virtue. ~

Let Persia then, in Artabanes' rigour,

record his justice and his loyalty. ~

(Takes the pen.)

My son I here condemn ~

(Signs.)

Arbaces dies.

MANDANE

Oh, gods!

ARTAXERXES

Suspend a while, the rash decree.

(Artabanes rises, and gives the paper to Artaxerxes.)

ARTABANES

'Tis sign'd, my liege ~ I have fulfill'd my duty.

ARTAXERXES

Unnatural sentence!

SEMIRA

O inhuman father!

MANDANE

Alas, my tears betray me.

ARBACES

Weeps Mandane,

in pity of my cruel destiny?

MANDANE

Pleasure may start a tear, as well as grief.

ARTABANES

Now I hare finish'd the stern judges part,

permit, o king, the feelings of a father.

Pardon, my son; the effect of tyrant duty;

suffer with patience, and remember this,

the worst of every evil is the fear.

ARBACES

My patience, sir, begins at last to leave me:

in view o' th' world, to find myself exposed

a seeming guilty object; all my hopes

cut off i'th' bloom, the morn of life my end;

hated by Persia, by my king,

and her whom I adore: to know that you,

barbarous father, ~ (ah, I lose myself!)

Adieu.

(Going.)

ARTABANES

(aside)

I freeze.

MANDANE

I die.

ARBACES

(returning)

Stay, rash Arbaces!

Where wouldst thou go? Ah, sir, forgive your son;

behold me at your feet. ~

Excuse the transports of my frantic grief;

shed all my blood, 'tis yours, ~ I'll not complain;

but kifs the honour'd hand that sign'd my death.

ARTABANES

Enough, o rise ~

thou hasat but too much reason to lament:

but know ~ (o gods!) ~ take one embrace and part.

[N. 17 - Air]

ARBACES

By that beloved embrace,

by this my fond adieu,

deplore my halpless case,

condemn'd, alas! for you.

Appease my love, my truth commend,

yourself preserve, my king defend.

My sentence I obey,

to filial duty true;

and scarce have power to say

a long and last adieu!

(Exit, guarded.)

Scene nine

MANDANE

Ah me! at poor Arbaces' parting

I feel the stroke of death.

ARTABANES

I hope, Mandane's wrath will now subside;

for I have sacrificed my only son,

to satisfy her vengeance.

MANDANE

Savage, no more. ~

Avoid my presence: dare not to view the light

of sun or stars; but hide thy cruel head

within the deepest bowels of the earth.

ARTABANES

Is then my virtue ~

MANDANE

Silence, inhuman!

ARTABANES

Did not Mandane's rage excite my justice?

MANDANE

The daughter ought to vindicate the father;

but thou, a father, shouldst have saved thy son.

[N. 18 - Air]

Monster, away!

from chearful day;

to the gloomy desart fly:

paths explore,

where lions roar,

and devouring tigers lie.

Tho' for food,

they wade in blood,

all to save their young agree;

every creature,

fierce by nature,

harmless is compar'd to thee.

(Exit.)

Scene ten

ARTAXERXES

See, loved Semira!

how heaven conspires the ruin of Arbaces.

SEMIRA

Inhuman tyrant!

You first destroy your friend,

and then bewail him.

ARTAXERXES

I, to thy father's will, his life committed;

how was I then a tyrant?

All Persia knows my friendship for Arhaces,

and faithful love to thee.

SEMIRA

I thought you once

a tender lover, and a generous friend;

but in one instant you have proved yourself

in friendship false, and treacherous in love.

This bosom, a stranger to rest,

resentment and pity assail,

as both for dominion contest,

so both, to my sorrow, prevail:

my heart, in this desperate state,

to give each assailant its due,

now bleeds for my brother's hard fate,

and burns with resentment to you.

(Exit.)

Scene eleven

ARTAXERXES

O, Artabanes?

ARTABANES

Lament not, sir, but leave complaints to me;

I am the most unhappy of mankind.

ARTAXERXES

Thy woe must needs be great,

when mine is insupportable.

(Exit.)

Scene twelve

Artabanes solus.

Recitative accompanied

At length my soul has room t'indulge its grief, ~

what racking thoughts surround the guilty breast. ~

O my dear son, forgive the piercing woes,

which my soul deeds inflict upon thy youth;

I come to save thee from the jaws of death,

and pay thy virtues with a kingly throne.

[N. 19 - Air]

Thou, like the glorious sun,

thy splendid course shalt run:

what tho' the night

obscure his light,

when prison'd in the west;

the day returns,

again he burns,

the god of day consest.

(Exit.)

Act three
Scene one

A prison.
Arbaces, in a melancholy posture.

[N. 20 - Arietta]

ARBACES

Why is death for ever late,

so conclude a wretch's woe;

those who live in happy state,

feel too soon th' untimely blow.

(Enter Artaxerxes.)

ARTAXERXES

Arbaces!

ARBACES

Gracious heaven, what's this I see!

Does royal Artaxerxes deign to visit

the wretch Arbaces, in this horrid gloom!

ARTAXERXES

Pity and friendship brought me here to save thee.

ARBACES

To save me!

ARTAXERXES

Yes. That secret passage leads

to life and liberty; then quickly fly. ~

Remember Artaxerxes, and be happy.

ARBACES

Your pardon, sir, the world esteems me guilty ~

then let me die; your honour, sir, requires it.

Happy my exit, having once preferred

my sovereign's life, and now his spotless honour.

ARTAXERXES

Such noble sentiments can ne'er proceed

from guilty minds ~ beloved Arbaces, fly ~

as friend, I beg thee to preserve thyself;

but if that fails ~ as sovereign, I command thee.

ARBACES

In gratitude to thy exalted friendship,

I'll quit this scene of horror and despair.

But oh! Thus exiled, I shall only fly,

restless to tread the paths of misery.

[N. 21 - Air]

Water parted from the sea,

may increase the river's tide;

to the bubbling fount may flee,

or thro' fertile valley's glide:

yet in search of lost repose,

doom'd like me, forlorn to roam,

still it murmurs as it flows,

till it reach its native home.

(Exit.)

Scene two

ARTAXERXES

That front, secure in conscious innocence,

defies the charge of guilt: affliction's veil

can never quite eclipse the inward light,

that from a noble soul darts forth its rays.

When in the countenance the heart is seen.

[N. 22 - Air]

Tho' oft a cloud, with envious shade,

conceals the face of day,

the sun is fill in flames array'd,

his beams immortal, not decay'd:

soon the gloomy veil retires;

he darts each powerful ray,

and light and heat expires.

(Exit.)

Scene three

Enter Artabanes, with a train of conspirators.

ARTABANES

My son, Arbaces ~ Where art thou retired? ~

Sure he should hear my voice ~ what ho ~ Arbaces!

O heaven! ~ guards, watch the entrance of the prison,

till I can find my son.

(Exit.)

(Enter Rimenes.)

RIMENES

Not yet arrived! ~

Sir, Artabanes!

(Exit.)

(Re-enter Artabanes.)

ARTABANES

O unhappy father!

My son I seek in vain ~ my blood grows chill;

I fear ~ I doubt ~ perhaps in ~

(Re-enter Rimenes.)

RIMENES

Artabanes!

ARTABANES

Where is Arbaces?

RIMENES

Is he not with you?

ARTABANES

O cruel gods! th'unfortunate has perish'd.

RIMENES

Suspicion always borders on extreame;

and might not Artaxerxes or Mandane,

the friend or lover, have procured his flight?

What strange delay is this! ~ Let's to our task;

behold the way that leads us to the palace.

ARTABANES

And what great enterprise shall I accomplish,

my son being lost?

RIMENES

What, have you then, for nought,

secured the royal guards, and I, the troops?

Determine, sir; this instant, Artaxerxes

prepares to take the coronation oath;

the sacred cup is by your order poison'd:

and shall we then so basely ~

ARTABANES

O my friend!

Arbaces lost, for whom should I engage?

RIMENES

Thy son Arbaces from thy hand expects

the throne, if living; and if dead, revenge.

ARTABANES

That, that alone recalls my fleeting spirit;

lead on, kind friend; my fate depends on thee.

RIMENES

I'll lead thee on to joyful victory.

[N. 23 - Air]

O let the danger of a son

excite vindictive ire;

the prospect of a kingdom won,

should light ambition's fire.

To wounded minds, revenge is balm;

with vigour they engage,

and sacrifice a pleasing calm,

to a more pleasing rage.

(Exit.)

Scene four

Artabanes solus.

Recitative accompanied

Ye adverse gods! y'ave found the only way

to quell my vast ambition; perplexing doubt,

whether my son yet lives, awakens fear;

and the dire image of despair starts up,

unnerves my arm, and checks my daring soul.

[N. 24 - Air]

O much loved son, if death

has stolen thy vital breath,

I'll share thy hapless fate;

but ere the dagger drinks my blood,

a murder'd king, at Lethe's flood,

the tidings shall relate.

Bid Charon cease from toil,

and rest upon his oar,

'till I attain the happy soil,

where we shall part no more.

(Exit.)

Scene five

Mandane's apartment.
Enter Mandane and Semira.

MANDANE

Perhaps the king released Arbaces.

SEMIRA

No ~ rather destroyed him,

MANDANE

How!

SEMIRA

'Tis known to all;

in secret he resigned his wretched life.

MANDANE

O hapless youth! O tidings worse than death!

SEMIRA

I hope your vengeance now is satisfyed ~

or would you other victims? ~ speak.

MANDANE

I cannot;

light cares are ever sosten'd by complaint;

but such as mine, arrest the power of speech.

SEMIRA

Ne'er lived a heart more lost to sense of pity.

All eyes in Persia wail his hapless fate;

but yours are dry.

MANDANE

The deeper my affliction:

small is the grief that vents itfelf in tears.

SEMIRA

Go, if not satisfy'd, and feast your eyes

upon the slaughter'd spoils of my dear brother;

with secret joy, number his bloody wounds.

MANDANE

Be silent ~ leave me.

SEMIRA

Never; while thou liv'st,

I'll haunt thee like a spirit, and my wrongs

shall dash thy hopes with bitterness and woe.

MANDANE

You think me cruel, and denounce revenge. ~

Ah! how have I deserved thy enmity?

[N. 25 - Air]

Let not rage, thy bosom firing,

pity's softer claim remove;

spare a heart that's just expiring,

forced by duty, rack'd by love.

Each ungentle thought suspending,

judge of mine, by thy soft breast;

nor with rancour never ending,

heap fresh sorrows on th' oppress'd.

Let not rage thy bosom firing,

pity's softer claim remove;

spare a heart that's just expiring,

forced by duty, rack'd by love.

Heaven, that every joy has crost,

ne'er my wretched state can mend;

I, alas! at once have lost,

father, brother, lover, friend.

(Exit.)

Scene six

Semira sola.

What have I done! alas, I vainly thought,

div'iding grief, to lessen my affliction;

these cruel insults, vented on Mandane,

have pierced her breast, and not relieved my own.

[N. 26 - Air]

'Tis not true, that in our grief,

others, weeping in distress,

to our troubles bring relief,

making each misfortune less.

No, when sore oppress'd by fate,

better 'tis to sigh alone,

than support a double weight,

other's sorrows, and ouwn.

(Exit.)

Scene seven

Enter Arbaces.

ARBACES

Nor here my searching eyes can find Mandane.

Fain would my heart, before external exile,

indulge its fondness with a last adieu.

Perhaps, this way ~ but whither do I wander?

Rash man ~ or heavenly pow'rs behold her there!

My spirits fail me ~ yet I'll speak ~ Mandane!

(Enter Mandane.)

MANDANE

Ye powers! Arbaces! and at liberty!

ARBACES

A friendly hand unlock'd my cruel fetters.

MANDANE

Ah! fly, begone.

ARBACES

How can I part, for ever, from such beauty?

MANDANE

Perfidious traitor! what wouldst thou with me?

ARBACES

Am I no longer dear to my Mandane?

MANDANE

Thou art become the object of my hate.

ARBACES

Barbarous maid! my death shall end thy scorn.

I fly to meet my fate ~ adieu ~ for ever.

(Going.)

MANDANE

Hear me, Arbaces.

ARBACES

Ha! what torture more?

MANDANE

I cannot speak.

ARBACES

O heaven!

MANDANE

Fly, save thyself.

ARBACES

What means my princess? ~ this returning pity ~

MANDANE

Does not arise from love ~ but fly ~ and live.

[N. 27 - Duetto]

ARBACES

For thee I live, my dearest;

but if I meet disdain,

for thee, my dear, I'll die.

MANDANE

How lovely thou appearest,

my blushes will explain.

I can no more reply.

ARBACES

Then hear me,

MANDANE

No.

ARBACES

Thou art ~

MANDANE

Divide not thus my heart:

leave me ~ in pity go.

ARBACES, MANDANE

Ye gods that torture so,

some timely respite send;

when will your rigour end?

(Exeunt, different ways.)

Scene eight

A Temple, and throne, with a crown and scepter; the image of the sun, with a lighted altar.
Artaxerxes, Artabanes, Nobles, etc.

ARTAXERXES

To you, my people, much beloved, I offer

myself, not less a father, than a king:

your native rights, your customs, and your laws,

with jealous care I ever will maintain,

and raise up treasure in my people's hearts.

ARTABANES

Here is the sacred cup ~

your solemn oath must bind the lasting tye;

fulfil th'accustom'd rites ~ (aside) and drink thy death.

Recitative accompanied

ARTAXERXES

Resplendent god, by whom sweet April blooms,

thou genial beam, that warms us and enlightens,

look awful down; and if my treacherous lips

have utter'd falshood, may this wholesome draught

change, as it passes, into deadly poison.

Scene nine

Enter Semira hastily.

SEMIRA

Fly quick, my liege; thousands of rebel troops

surround the palace, by Rimenes led;

your death is plotted, and your guards corrupted.

ARTAXERXES

O gods!

ARTABANES

What fear you, sir? my single presence

shall quell this tumult, and protect my king.

ARTAXERXES

Away, my friend, to victory or death.

(Going.)

Scene ten

Enter Mandane.

MANDANE

Hold, brother, the rebellious crew are fled.

ARTAXERXES

Say how, Mandane?

MANDANE

Led by false Rimenes,

they forced the gates, and enter'd, when Arbaces

departing to eternal banishiment,

his single breast opposed, and swore to die

in his great master's cause: all dropp'd their arms,

except that daring rebel at their head

on him Arbaces, like a lion, flew,

clove thro' his helmet, flew him, and revenged thee.

ARTAXERXES

Where's my preserver ~ bring him to my arms!

(Exeunt officers, with Guards.)

ARTAXERXES

He murder Xerxes! Impious supposition!

MANDANE

My heart respires!

SEMIRA

O loyal brother!

MANDANE

Valour suppress'd, now springs again to glory.

[N. 28 - Air]

The soldier, tired of war's alarms,

forswears the clang of hostile arms,

and scorns the spear and shield:

but if the brazen trumpet sound,

he burns with conquest to be crown'd,

and dares again the field.

Scene, the last

Enter Artabanes and Arbaces.

ARBACES

Behold, my king, Arbaces at thy feet.

ARTAXERXES

O still my friend! come to my grateful breast.

MANDANE

Yet that my brother may with better grace

reward this deed, and satisfy the people,

some reason give us for the bloody sword,

thy tim'rous flight, and all that waked suspicion.

ARBACES

If deeds, not words, proclaim a loyal heart,

permit me to be silcnt ~ I am innocent.

ARTAXERXES

Confirm it with a solemn imprecation,

and of a truth, as Persia's law prescribes,

that vessel drain'd shall be the sacred pledge.

ARBACES

I am prepar'd.

ARTABANES

O cruel gods! If my son drinks he dies!

Recitative accompanied

ARBACES

Resplendent god, by whom sweet April blooms,

thou genial beam that warms us and enlightens!

ARTABANES

(aside)

O wretched father!

ARBACES

If my treach'rous lips

have utter'd falshood, may this wholesome draught

change, as it passes, into ~

ARTABANES

Hold, 'tis poison.

ARTAXERXES

What fury urged thee to so vile a deed?

ARTABANES

Away, disguise, the draught was meant for thee;

but my paternal fondness has betrayed me.

I murder'd Xerxes; and, to gain the throne,

would have destroy'd thee too.

ARTAXERXES

Wretch, thou shalt die.

ARBACES

Then I disdain to live.

ARTAXERXES

Mandane shall reward thy spotless virtue;

and thy fair sister shall partake our throne:

but for that traitor ~

ARBACES

I will die for him:

my blood is his, and shall attone his crimes.

ARTAXERXES

Thy loyalty and virtue, injured youth,

shall change his sentence into banishment:

make no reply ~ his exile is for life.

MANDANE

Sure heaven inspired the merciful decree;

Arbaces and Semira must approve it;

tho' for his crimes the father justly suffers,

his life is spared, that you, his guiltless children

may not be ever wretched in his death.

[N. 29 - Finale]

CHORUS

Live to us, to empire live,

great augustus, long may'st thou

from the subject world receive,

laurel wreaths t'adorn thy brow.

MANDANE, ARBACES

Of his country, ever free,

there the royal father see!

CHORUS

To the patron of our laws,

pierce the air with loud applause.

SEMIRA, ARTABANES

Virtue in his soul resides;

in his truth the world confides.

CHORUS

To the patron of our laws,

pierce the air with loud applause.

MANDANE, ARBACES

Pity from the throne descending,

how the monarch it endears;

when with justice, mercy blending,

in the king a god appears!

SEMIRA, ARTABANES

Tyrants claim, with iron sceptre,

duty which our fears impart;

but our gentle kind protector,

monarch reigns o'er every heart.

CHORUS

Live to us, to empire live!

Great augustus, long may'st thou,

from the fubject world receive

laurel wreaths t' adorn thy brow!

Finis.

End of the libretto.

Generazione pagina: 13/02/2016
Pagina: ridotto, rid
Versione H: 3.00.40 (D)

Locandina Act one Scene one Scene two Scena three Scene four Scene five Scene six Scene seven Scene eight Scene nine Scene ten Scene eleven Scene twelve Scene thirteen Scene fourteen Act two Scene one Scene two Scena three Scene four Scene five Scene six Scene seven Scene eight Scene nine Scene ten Scene eleven Scene twelve Act three Scene one Scene two Scene three Scene four Scene five Scene six Scene seven Scene eight Scene nine Scene ten Scene, the last